Proteostasis is the dynamic regulation of protein homeostasis, where all the cellular pathways govern the production, folding, trafficking and degradation of proteins. Pathways to ensure proteostasis in different subcellular compartments are defined as unfolded protein responses (UPRs), which have evolved in the cytosol as cytosolic heat shock response (HSR), endoplasmic reticulum as UPRER and mitochondria as UPRmt.

Dysfunction of proteostasis signaling pathways has been implicated in a variety of age-related diseases including neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), metabolic diseases (e.g., diabetes), inflammatory diseases, and cancer.

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