0069
Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide.

0556
Pelagius I begins his reign as Catholic Pope.

1065
The Norman Robert Guiscard takes Bari, ending five centuries of Byzantine rule in southern Italy.

1705
Queen Anne of England knights Isaac Newton.

1746
Prince Charles is defeated at the Battle of Culloden, the last pitched battle fought in Britain.

1818
The U.S. Senate ratifies the Rush-Bagot amendment to form an unarmed U.S.-Canada border.

1854
San Salvador is destroyed by an earthquake.

1862
Confederate President Jefferson Davis approves a conscription act for white males between 18 and 35.

1862
Slavery is abolished in the District of Columbia.

1917
Vladimir Lenin returns to Russia to start the Bolshevik Revolution.

1922
Annie Oakley shoots 100 clay targets in a row, setting a woman's record.

1942
The Island of Malta is awarded the George Cross in recognition for heroism under constant German air attack. It was the