Kant discusses this phenomena. He calls our mental images as 'a priori'. It's great that Chadd is thinking this deeply but he's far from the first. I do agree with him that only through the discernment given from the Holy Spirit, which has been sent to help us see "truth", can we see 'through a glass, darkly' a more clear vision of this fallen world.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/cambridge-companion-to-kant-and-modern-philosophy/kant-on-a-priori-concepts-the-metaphysical-deduction-of-the-categories/ED82BC5BED9F043EA9DB067653EED16E