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Hashem Al-Ghaili
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Scientists say Alzheimer’s might not be a brain disease after all:
The common theory that Alzheimer's disease is caused by the buildup of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain is now being challenged by a new theory. Scientists say Alzheimer's may be an autoimmune disease.
This theory is based on 30 years of research. It suggests that beta-amyloid, rather than being an abnormal protein, is actually a component of the brain's immune system.
Its role is to protect the brain from injury and infection, but due to the similarity between the fat molecules in bacterial membranes and brain cell membranes, beta-amyloid mistakenly attacks the brain cells it's meant to defend. This leads to a chronic, progressive loss of brain function, ultimately resulting in dementia.
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This autoimmune misfire redefines Alzheimer’s as a disorder of the immune system. The autoimmune theory opens up new avenues for treatment by focusing on immune-regulating pathways in the brain, rather than solely targeting beta-amyloid. It offers a promising new direction for research and treatment, potentially leading to more effective therapies for Alzheimer's disease.
Autoimmune diseases occur when your immune system mistakenly attacks your body's own tissues, leading to inflammation and damage. There are over 80 recognized types, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and multiple sclerosis. Common symptoms include fatigue, joint pain, skin rashes, and fever. While the exact causes are unclear, factors like genetics, infections, and environmental exposures may contribute.
